joint-stock company
Q.What is meant by a joint-stock company? What are the characteristics of a company?
Answer:-introduction
Just as partnership emerged to overcome the shortcomings of sole proprietorship, similarly, the company emerged to overcome the shortcomings of partnership because many defects like lack of capital and unlimited liability are found in partnership.
Meaning of Company
A company is a Statutory artificial person. It has a separate legal and permanent existence from its members. It has its own common seal, and the liability of its members is limited.
Definition of Company
According to Section 2(20) of the Indian Companies Act, 2013, a company means a company incorporated or registered under any previous company law or under this Act.
Characteristics of a Company
The main features of a company are as follows
1. Statutory Artificial Person - A company is a statutory artificial person, which is formed by law.
2. Separate Legal Entity - A company has a separate legal entity from its members. This means the company can sue its members, and the members can also sue the company.
3. Perpetual Succession - A company has perpetual succession. This means new members come and go, but the company continues to operate continuously.
4. Common Seal - A company has its own common seal. And the document on which it is affixed becomes valid in the company.
5. Limited Liability - The liability of the members of a company is limited to the value of the shares held by them. This means that in case of loss to the company, the creditors of the company cannot use the personal property of the shareholders.
6. Number of Members - In a private company, there can be a minimum of 2 and a maximum of 100 members.
In a public company, there can be a minimum of 2 and a maximum of 100 members.
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